Cyber-Physical Systems and Smart Cities: Engineering Secure, Sustainable, and Intelligent Urban Infrastructures
Journal Name: Discover Engineering
Abstract
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) form the technological backbone of smart cities by integrating computation, communication, and physical processes into cohesive frameworks. As urbanization accelerates globally, the need for secure, sustainable, and intelligent infrastructures has become a pressing engineering challenge. CPS enable real-time monitoring, data-driven decision-making, and automation in transportation, energy, water, and healthcare systems. However, concerns regarding cybersecurity, privacy, interoperability, and environmental sustainability must be addressed to fully realize their potential. This paper explores the engineering foundations of CPS in smart cities, highlighting innovations in Internet of Things (IoT), edge computing, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. It discusses sustainability strategies, security challenges, and the transformative impact of CPS on urban life. Ultimately, CPS-driven smart cities represent a paradigm shift toward resilient, efficient, and human-centered urban ecosystems.