Quantum Computing and Communication: Engineering Challenges, Security Paradigms, and Applications for the Next Digital Revolution
Journal Name: Discover Engineering
Abstract
Quantum computing and quantum communication are poised to redefine the foundations of modern information technology. By exploiting the principles of superposition, entanglement, and quantum interference, quantum systems offer unprecedented computational power and unbreakable communication security. Quantum computers can outperform classical counterparts in complex optimization, cryptography, drug discovery, and artificial intelligence. Meanwhile, quantum communication technologies, particularly quantum key distribution (QKD), promise secure data exchange beyond the reach of classical attacks. However, large-scale implementation faces substantial engineering challenges, including qubit decoherence, error correction, hardware scalability, and the integration of quantum and classical infrastructures. This paper explores the engineering barriers in quantum computing and communication, evaluates emerging security paradigms, and highlights applications driving the next digital revolution. Ultimately, quantum technologies represent a paradigm shift with transformative implications for science, industry, and society.