Introduction Nanotechnology has rapidly evolved into a multidisciplinary field that integrates principles from chemistry, biology, physics, and medicine to design and manipulate materials at the nanoscale. Materials in the size…
Introduction The development of effective drug delivery systems remains one of the most critical challenges in modern pharmaceutical science. Although substantial progress has been made in drug discovery and molecular…
Introduction Radiology has long stood at the forefront of technological innovation in medicine. Since the discovery of X-rays in 1895, imaging has transformed diagnostic reasoning by enabling non-invasive visualization of…
Introduction For decades, medical treatment has largely relied on a generalized therapeutic approach in which medications and treatment protocols are prescribed based on population averages rather than individual variability. This…