1. Introduction The completion of the Human Genome Project marked the beginning of a new era in biomedical research by providing comprehensive knowledge of the human genome and enabling the…
Introduction Polyphenols and Polysaccharides are naturally found bioactive compounds, with each having its own specific physicochemical properties as well as biological activities. Polyphenols are classified as phenolic compounds, structurally they…
1. Introduction The concept of food has evolved considerably from its traditional role of providing basic nutrition to a broader perspective emphasizing disease prevention, health promotion, and improved well-being. Functional…
1. Introduction The discovery and development of new therapeutic agents remain among the most challenging and resource-intensive endeavors in modern biomedical research. The traditional drug development process typically involves multiple…
1. Introduction Agriculture plays a fundamental role in ensuring global food security, supporting livelihoods, and sustaining economic development. However, the intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides over the past…
1. Introduction Metabolic diseases have emerged as one of the most pressing public health concerns worldwide. The rapid increase in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver…
Introduction Vaccines and vaccination remain two of the greatest success stories in public health, as they have drastically reduced the incidence and mortality rates due to infectious diseases on a…
Introduction Algae, encompassing both microalgae and macroalgae, have gained significant attention in recent decades as a promising biomass resource for sustainable production of bioactive molecules and renewable energy. Microalgae are…
1. Introduction Plants are continuously exposed to a wide range of environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, nutrient deficiencies, heavy metal toxicity, and pathogen attacks. These biotic and abiotic…
1. Introduction Recently, cancer therapy has shifted dramatically from non-specific cytotoxic chemotherapy toward precision medicine that targets molecular aberrations within tumors. Molecularly targeted agents disrupt oncogenic proteins or signaling pathways…