1. Introduction Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most transformative fields in modern science, offering innovative solutions across disciplines such as medicine, agriculture, environmental science, and materials engineering. At…
1. Introduction Land use and land cover change has become one of the most critical environmental challenges facing the world today. Rapid population growth, industrial development, agricultural expansion, and urbanization…
1. Introduction Sleep is a fundamental physiological process essential for maintaining physical health, cognitive performance, emotional stability, and overall quality of life. Adequate sleep supports metabolic regulation, immune function, memory…
1. Introduction Horticulture contributes significantly to food and nutritional security by providing fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals rich in essential nutrients [1]. However, horticultural crops are resource-intensive, requiring frequent irrigation and…
1. Introduction Horticulture plays a vital role in global food and nutritional security by supplying fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and dietary fiber [1]. However, horticultural crops…
1. Introduction Climate change is increasingly recognized as one of the most significant environmental and public health challenges of the twenty-first century. Global warming resulting from increased greenhouse gas emissions…
1. Introduction Horticultural crops, including fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, and medicinal plants, play a vital role in ensuring nutritional security and generating rural income [1]. However, climate change is increasingly…
1. Introduction The global horticulture industry relies heavily on soilless growing media to achieve consistent crop quality, high yields, and efficient resource use. Among these substrates, peat-based growing media have…
Introduction Horticultural crops play a vital role in global agriculture by contributing significantly to human nutrition, health, income generation, and employment. Fruits, vegetables, ornamentals, spices, and plantation crops provide essential…